What is the shape of an s orbital?

The shape of an s orbital is spherical. It is the simplest type of orbital and is always centered on the nucleus of an atom. The probability of finding an electron at any given distance from the nucleus is the same in all directions, resulting in a symmetrical distribution of electron density around the nucleus.

The s orbital can accommodate only 2 electrons and is denoted by the letter "s" in electron configuration notation. It is the first orbital to be filled in any energy level, and as the energy level increases, the size of the s orbital also increases.

The shape of an s orbital can be described by a probability distribution function, which represents the density of finding an electron at different points in space. In the case of an s orbital, the probability distribution function is characterized by a single spherical peak at the nucleus. This means that the electron is most likely to be found in the region closest to the nucleus, and the probability of finding it decreases as the distance from the nucleus increases.

The electron density of an s orbital is highest at its center and gradually decreases as you move away from the nucleus. The boundary of an s orbital is defined by a specific probability value, such as 90 or 95%, and represents the region where the electron is most likely to be found.

Overall, the shape of an s orbital is crucial in understanding the electron distribution and behavior within an atom.